{'created': '2020-10-01T01:42:24.974Z',
 'created_by_ref': 'identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5',
 'description': 'Adversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that '
                'can be used during targeting. SSL/TLS certificates are '
                'designed to instill trust. They include information about the '
                "key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital "
                "signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's "
                'contents are correct. If the signature is valid, and the '
                'person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they '
                'know they can use that key to communicate with its owner. In '
                'the case of self-signing, digital certificates will lack the '
                'element of trust associated with the signature of a '
                'third-party certificate authority (CA).\n'
                '\n'
                'Adversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that '
                'can be used to further their operations, such as encrypting '
                'C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric '
                'Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) '
                'with [Web '
                'Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or '
                'even enabling '
                '[Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) '
                'if added to the root of trust (i.e. [Install Root '
                'Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/004)).\n'
                '\n'
                'After creating a digital certificate, an adversary may then '
                'install that certificate (see [Install Digital '
                'Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/003)) '
                'on infrastructure under their control.',
 'external_references': [{'external_id': 'T1587.003',
                          'source_name': 'mitre-attack',
                          'url': 'https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/003'},
                         {'description': 'Kovar, R. (2017, December 11). Tall '
                                         'Tales of Hunting with TLS/SSL '
                                         'Certificates. Retrieved October 16, '
                                         '2020.',
                          'source_name': 'Splunk Kovar Certificates 2017',
                          'url': 'https://www.splunk.com/en_us/blog/security/tall-tales-of-hunting-with-tls-ssl-certificates.html'}],
 'id': 'attack-pattern--1cec9319-743b-4840-bb65-431547bce82a',
 'kill_chain_phases': [{'kill_chain_name': 'mitre-attack',
                        'phase_name': 'resource-development'}],
 'modified': '2025-10-24T17:48:29.137Z',
 'name': 'Digital Certificates',
 'object_marking_refs': ['marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168'],
 'revoked': False,
 'spec_version': '2.1',
 'type': 'attack-pattern',
 'x_mitre_attack_spec_version': '3.2.0',
 'x_mitre_deprecated': False,
 'x_mitre_detection': '',
 'x_mitre_domains': ['enterprise-attack'],
 'x_mitre_is_subtechnique': True,
 'x_mitre_modified_by_ref': 'identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5',
 'x_mitre_platforms': ['PRE'],
 'x_mitre_version': '1.2'}

---

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