{'created': '2020-01-28T13:50:22.506Z',
 'created_by_ref': 'identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5',
 'description': 'Adversaries may create a local account to maintain access to '
                'victim systems. Local accounts are those configured by an '
                'organization for use by users, remote support, services, or '
                'for administration on a single system or service. \n'
                '\n'
                'For example, with a sufficient level of access, the Windows '
                '<code>net user /add</code> command can be used to create a '
                'local account.  In Linux, the `useradd` command can be used, '
                'while on macOS systems, the <code>dscl -create</code> command '
                'can be used. Local accounts may also be added to network '
                'devices, often via common [Network Device '
                'CLI](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/008) commands '
                'such as <code>username</code>, to ESXi servers via `esxcli '
                'system account add`, or to Kubernetes clusters using the '
                '`kubectl` utility.(Citation: cisco_username_cmd)(Citation: '
                'Kubernetes Service Accounts Security)\n'
                '\n'
                'Adversaries may also create new local accounts on network '
                'firewall management consoles – for example, by exploiting a '
                'vulnerable firewall management system, threat actors may be '
                'able to establish super-admin accounts that could be used to '
                'modify firewall rules and gain further access to the '
                'network.(Citation: Cyber Security News)\n'
                '\n'
                'Such accounts may be used to establish secondary credentialed '
                'access that do not require persistent remote access tools to '
                'be deployed on the system.',
 'external_references': [{'external_id': 'T1136.001',
                          'source_name': 'mitre-attack',
                          'url': 'https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136/001'},
                         {'description': 'Cisco. (2023, March 6). username - '
                                         'Cisco IOS Security Command '
                                         'Reference: Commands S to Z. '
                                         'Retrieved July 13, 2022.',
                          'source_name': 'cisco_username_cmd',
                          'url': 'https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/security/s1/sec-s1-cr-book/sec-cr-t2.html#wp1047035630'},
                         {'description': 'Kaaviya. (n.d.). SuperBlack Actors '
                                         'Exploiting Two Fortinet '
                                         'Vulnerabilities to Deploy '
                                         'Ransomware. Retrieved September 22, '
                                         '2025.',
                          'source_name': 'Cyber Security News',
                          'url': 'https://cybersecuritynews.com/superblack-actors-exploiting-two-fortinet-vulnerabilities/'},
                         {'description': 'Kubernetes. (n.d.). Service '
                                         'Accounts. Retrieved July 14, 2023.',
                          'source_name': 'Kubernetes Service Accounts Security',
                          'url': 'https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/security/service-accounts/'},
                         {'description': 'Lich, B., Miroshnikov, A. (2017, '
                                         'April 5). 4720(S): A user account '
                                         'was created. Retrieved June 30, '
                                         '2017.',
                          'source_name': 'Microsoft User Creation Event',
                          'url': 'https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/threat-protection/auditing/event-4720'}],
 'id': 'attack-pattern--635cbe30-392d-4e27-978e-66774357c762',
 'kill_chain_phases': [{'kill_chain_name': 'mitre-attack',
                        'phase_name': 'persistence'}],
 'modified': '2025-10-24T17:48:51.903Z',
 'name': 'Local Account',
 'object_marking_refs': ['marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168'],
 'revoked': False,
 'spec_version': '2.1',
 'type': 'attack-pattern',
 'x_mitre_attack_spec_version': '3.3.0',
 'x_mitre_contributors': ['Austin Clark, @c2defense'],
 'x_mitre_deprecated': False,
 'x_mitre_detection': '',
 'x_mitre_domains': ['enterprise-attack'],
 'x_mitre_is_subtechnique': True,
 'x_mitre_modified_by_ref': 'identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5',
 'x_mitre_platforms': ['Linux',
                       'macOS',
                       'Windows',
                       'Network Devices',
                       'Containers',
                       'ESXi'],
 'x_mitre_version': '1.5'}