MITRE ATT&CK Technique
Privilege Escalation T1546.009
Description

Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppCert DLLs loaded into processes. Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppCertDLLs</code> Registry key under <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\</code> are loaded into every process that calls the ubiquitously used application programming interface (API) functions <code>CreateProcess</code>, <code>CreateProcessAsUser</code>, <code>CreateProcessWithLoginW</code>, <code>CreateProcessWithTokenW</code>, or <code>WinExec</code>. (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) Similar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), this value can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. Malicious AppCert DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity.

Supported Platforms
Windows
Created

April 29, 2026

Last Updated

April 29, 2026

STIX Data
{'created': '2020-01-24T14:47:41.795Z',
 'created_by_ref': 'identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5',
 'description': 'Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate '
                'privileges by executing malicious content triggered by '
                'AppCert DLLs loaded into processes. Dynamic-link libraries '
                '(DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppCertDLLs</code> '
                'Registry key under '
                '<code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session '
                'Manager\\</code> are loaded into every process that calls the '
                'ubiquitously used application programming interface (API) '
                'functions <code>CreateProcess</code>, '
                '<code>CreateProcessAsUser</code>, '
                '<code>CreateProcessWithLoginW</code>, '
                '<code>CreateProcessWithTokenW</code>, or '
                '<code>WinExec</code>. (Citation: Elastic Process Injection '
                'July 2017)\n'
                '\n'
                'Similar to [Process '
                'Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), this '
                'value can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing '
                'a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of '
                'separate processes on the computer. Malicious AppCert DLLs '
                'may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered '
                'by API activity. ',
 'external_references': [{'external_id': 'T1546.009',
                          'source_name': 'mitre-attack',
                          'url': 'https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/009'},
                         {'description': 'Hosseini, A. (2017, July 18). Ten '
                                         'Process Injection Techniques: A '
                                         'Technical Survey Of Common And '
                                         'Trending Process Injection '
                                         'Techniques. Retrieved December 7, '
                                         '2017.',
                          'source_name': 'Elastic Process Injection July 2017',
                          'url': 'https://www.endgame.com/blog/technical-blog/ten-process-injection-techniques-technical-survey-common-and-trending-process'},
                         {'description': 'Microsoft. (2007, October 24). '
                                         'Windows Sysinternals - AppCertDlls. '
                                         'Retrieved November 17, 2024.',
                          'source_name': 'Sysinternals AppCertDlls Oct 2007',
                          'url': 'https://web.archive.org/web/20130401232752/https://forum.sysinternals.com/appcertdlls_topic12546.html'},
                         {'description': 'Russinovich, M. (2016, January 4). '
                                         'Autoruns for Windows v13.51. '
                                         'Retrieved June 6, 2016.',
                          'source_name': 'TechNet Autoruns',
                          'url': 'https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb963902'}],
 'id': 'attack-pattern--7d57b371-10c2-45e5-b3cc-83a8fb380e4c',
 'kill_chain_phases': [{'kill_chain_name': 'mitre-attack',
                        'phase_name': 'privilege-escalation'},
                       {'kill_chain_name': 'mitre-attack',
                        'phase_name': 'persistence'}],
 'modified': '2025-10-24T17:49:00.663Z',
 'name': 'AppCert DLLs',
 'object_marking_refs': ['marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168'],
 'revoked': False,
 'spec_version': '2.1',
 'type': 'attack-pattern',
 'x_mitre_attack_spec_version': '3.2.0',
 'x_mitre_deprecated': False,
 'x_mitre_detection': '',
 'x_mitre_domains': ['enterprise-attack'],
 'x_mitre_is_subtechnique': True,
 'x_mitre_modified_by_ref': 'identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5',
 'x_mitre_platforms': ['Windows'],
 'x_mitre_version': '1.1'}
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