MITRE ATT&CK Technique
Privilege Escalation T1546.010
Description

Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppInit DLLs loaded into processes. Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppInit_DLLs</code> value in the Registry keys <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Windows</code> or <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Windows</code> are loaded by user32.dll into every process that loads user32.dll. In practice this is nearly every program, since user32.dll is a very common library. (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) Similar to Process Injection, these values can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. (Citation: AppInit Registry) Malicious AppInit DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity. The AppInit DLL functionality is disabled in Windows 8 and later versions when secure boot is enabled. (Citation: AppInit Secure Boot)

Supported Platforms
Windows
Created

April 29, 2026

Last Updated

April 29, 2026

STIX Data
{'created': '2020-01-24T14:52:25.589Z',
 'created_by_ref': 'identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5',
 'description': 'Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate '
                'privileges by executing malicious content triggered by '
                'AppInit DLLs loaded into processes. Dynamic-link libraries '
                '(DLLs) that are specified in the <code>AppInit_DLLs</code> '
                'value in the Registry keys '
                '<code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows '
                'NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> or '
                '<code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Wow6432Node\\Microsoft\\Windows '
                'NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows</code> are loaded by user32.dll '
                'into every process that loads user32.dll. In practice this is '
                'nearly every program, since user32.dll is a very common '
                'library. (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n'
                '\n'
                'Similar to Process Injection, these values can be abused to '
                'obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be '
                'loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the '
                'computer. (Citation: AppInit Registry) Malicious AppInit DLLs '
                'may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered '
                'by API activity. \n'
                '\n'
                'The AppInit DLL functionality is disabled in Windows 8 and '
                'later versions when secure boot is enabled. (Citation: '
                'AppInit Secure Boot)',
 'external_references': [{'external_id': 'T1546.010',
                          'source_name': 'mitre-attack',
                          'url': 'https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/010'},
                         {'description': 'Hosseini, A. (2017, July 18). Ten '
                                         'Process Injection Techniques: A '
                                         'Technical Survey Of Common And '
                                         'Trending Process Injection '
                                         'Techniques. Retrieved December 7, '
                                         '2017.',
                          'source_name': 'Elastic Process Injection July 2017',
                          'url': 'https://www.endgame.com/blog/technical-blog/ten-process-injection-techniques-technical-survey-common-and-trending-process'},
                         {'description': 'Microsoft. (2006, October). Working '
                                         'with the AppInit_DLLs registry '
                                         'value. Retrieved July 15, 2015.',
                          'source_name': 'AppInit Registry',
                          'url': 'https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/197571'},
                         {'description': 'Microsoft. (n.d.). AppInit DLLs and '
                                         'Secure Boot. Retrieved July 15, '
                                         '2015.',
                          'source_name': 'AppInit Secure Boot',
                          'url': 'https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn280412'},
                         {'description': 'Russinovich, M. (2016, January 4). '
                                         'Autoruns for Windows v13.51. '
                                         'Retrieved June 6, 2016.',
                          'source_name': 'TechNet Autoruns',
                          'url': 'https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb963902'}],
 'id': 'attack-pattern--cc89ecbd-3d33-4a41-bcca-001e702d18fd',
 'kill_chain_phases': [{'kill_chain_name': 'mitre-attack',
                        'phase_name': 'privilege-escalation'},
                       {'kill_chain_name': 'mitre-attack',
                        'phase_name': 'persistence'}],
 'modified': '2025-10-24T17:49:24.008Z',
 'name': 'AppInit DLLs',
 'object_marking_refs': ['marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168'],
 'revoked': False,
 'spec_version': '2.1',
 'type': 'attack-pattern',
 'x_mitre_attack_spec_version': '3.2.0',
 'x_mitre_deprecated': False,
 'x_mitre_detection': '',
 'x_mitre_domains': ['enterprise-attack'],
 'x_mitre_is_subtechnique': True,
 'x_mitre_modified_by_ref': 'identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5',
 'x_mitre_platforms': ['Windows'],
 'x_mitre_version': '1.2'}
Quick Actions
Related Threat Actors (1)
APT39
High