MITRE ATT&CK Technique
Defense Evasion T1036.006
Description

Adversaries can hide a program's true filetype by changing the extension of a file. With certain file types (specifically this does not work with .app extensions), appending a space to the end of a filename will change how the file is processed by the operating system. For example, if there is a Mach-O executable file called <code>evil.bin</code>, when it is double clicked by a user, it will launch Terminal.app and execute. If this file is renamed to <code>evil.txt</code>, then when double clicked by a user, it will launch with the default text editing application (not executing the binary). However, if the file is renamed to <code>evil.txt </code> (note the space at the end), then when double clicked by a user, the true file type is determined by the OS and handled appropriately and the binary will be executed (Citation: Mac Backdoors are back). Adversaries can use this feature to trick users into double clicking benign-looking files of any format and ultimately executing something malicious.

Supported Platforms
Linux macOS
Created

April 29, 2026

Last Updated

April 29, 2026

STIX Data
{'created': '2020-02-10T20:47:10.082Z',
 'created_by_ref': 'identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5',
 'description': "Adversaries can hide a program's true filetype by changing "
                'the extension of a file. With certain file types '
                '(specifically this does not work with .app extensions), '
                'appending a space to the end of a filename will change how '
                'the file is processed by the operating system.\n'
                '\n'
                'For example, if there is a Mach-O executable file called '
                '<code>evil.bin</code>, when it is double clicked by a user, '
                'it will launch Terminal.app and execute. If this file is '
                'renamed to <code>evil.txt</code>, then when double clicked by '
                'a user, it will launch with the default text editing '
                'application (not executing the binary). However, if the file '
                'is renamed to <code>evil.txt </code> (note the space at the '
                'end), then when double clicked by a user, the true file type '
                'is determined by the OS and handled appropriately and the '
                'binary will be executed (Citation: Mac Backdoors are back).\n'
                '\n'
                'Adversaries can use this feature to trick users into double '
                'clicking benign-looking files of any format and ultimately '
                'executing something malicious.',
 'external_references': [{'external_id': 'T1036.006',
                          'source_name': 'mitre-attack',
                          'url': 'https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/006'},
                         {'description': 'Dan Goodin. (2016, July 6). After '
                                         'hiatus, in-the-wild Mac backdoors '
                                         'are suddenly back. Retrieved July 8, '
                                         '2017.',
                          'source_name': 'Mac Backdoors are back',
                          'url': 'https://arstechnica.com/security/2016/07/after-hiatus-in-the-wild-mac-backdoors-are-suddenly-back/'}],
 'id': 'attack-pattern--e51137a5-1cdc-499e-911a-abaedaa5ac86',
 'kill_chain_phases': [{'kill_chain_name': 'mitre-attack',
                        'phase_name': 'defense-evasion'}],
 'modified': '2025-10-24T17:49:32.287Z',
 'name': 'Space after Filename',
 'object_marking_refs': ['marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168'],
 'spec_version': '2.1',
 'type': 'attack-pattern',
 'x_mitre_attack_spec_version': '3.2.0',
 'x_mitre_contributors': ['Erye Hernandez, Palo Alto Networks'],
 'x_mitre_deprecated': False,
 'x_mitre_detection': '',
 'x_mitre_domains': ['enterprise-attack'],
 'x_mitre_is_subtechnique': True,
 'x_mitre_modified_by_ref': 'identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5',
 'x_mitre_platforms': ['Linux', 'macOS'],
 'x_mitre_version': '1.1'}
Quick Actions
Related Threat Actors (1)
APT38
High